2010年10月13日星期三

Naming Acids!!!!!!

Acids are formed when a compound composed of Hydrogen ions and a negatively charged ion are dissolved in water(aqueous, aq)!
-ions separate when dissolved in water
-H+ ions join with H2O from H3O+ (Hydronium ion)
ex: H + Cl --> HCl
    HCl(g)+H2O-->H3O(aq)+Cl(aq)

How to name acids?

For Simple Acids:
1. use "hydro" as the beginning
2. last syllable of the nonmetal is dropped and replaced with "-ic"
3. add "acid" at the end.

formula:
*****ide ===> hydro*****ic acid
ex.
HF: hydrofluoric acid
HCl: hydrochloric acid
HBr: hydrobromic acid
HCN: hydrocyanic acid

For Complex Acids:
1. -ate replace with "-ic"
   -ite replace with "-ous"
2. "Acid" at the end of the name

formula:
*****ate ===> *****ic acid
*****ite ===> *****ous acid

ex.
HNO3: Nitric acid
HNO2: Nitrous acid
H3PO4: Phosphoric acid
H2SO4: Sulphuric acid (exception)

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