Chemical Bonding!

Chemical bonding only involves the valence e-

Formed when e- attracted by nucleus of another

Electrostatic force- opposite charge attract; like charge repel

- greater distance, smaller attraction

- greater charge, greater force.

- the force operates equally in all directions


Intermolecular force=force between molecules

Intramolecular force=force within a molecule

Only weak bonds break in melting process



Chemical bonds exhibit various degrees of sharing, depending on the amount of attraction.



Polarity=molecule's electrical balance, but imbalance with electrical charge of elements



Ionic=electrons are transferred

Non polar covalent=shared equally

- Electronegativity difference <0.5

- Attain full electron shells

- Simultaneously attracted

- high melting points(except CH4, O2, F2)

Polar covalent= shared unequally

- higher energy=partial negative charge=δ-

- lower energy=partial positive charge=δ+

- arrow indicates the migration of electrons

Example